Shares, bonds and financing · Czechia and Slovakia
Credit and loan agreements
We prepare loan and credit agreements between companies, shareholders or individuals, with clear interest, a repayment schedule and, above all, security (suretyship, a pledge or mortgage, acknowledgment of debt or a directly enforceable notarial deed), giving you assets and a procedure to pursue if problems arise.
- Companies, shareholders and individuals
- Security and an enforcement title
- Prices agreed upfront
What we'll do for you
Preparation of a loan or credit agreement for a Czech or Slovak party, including security and arrangements for potential recovery.
Select an item to see the details.
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Initial consultation
We distinguish between a loan and a credit facility, review the purpose and risks, and consider what security is realistically available in your situation.
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Tailored agreement
Amount, interest, maturity or repayment schedule, purpose, early repayment terms and consequences of late payment.
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Security
Suretyship, a pledge or mortgage, accession to debt or acknowledgment of debt — we choose a combination appropriate to the amount and legal regime of the loan. A bill of exchange may be used only where permitted by law; it cannot secure a Slovak consumer obligation.
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Swift recovery
If requested, we prepare supporting documents for a directly enforceable notarial deed, saving you an initial lawsuit if repayments stop.
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Penalties and acceleration
Default interest, a contractual penalty and conditions for acceleration within the limits of the law. For a consumer obligation, a single late payment does not automatically suffice; we review the specific statutory conditions for acceleration.
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Delivery of documents
You receive the final agreement ready for signing, with an explanation of the security instruments.
Deliverablea signed loan or credit agreement with security
How it works
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- Consultationday 0
We establish whom you are lending to, for what purpose and what risk you bear — this determines the level of security.
- Draft agreement
We prepare the agreement and security or review a supplied agreement and flag risks. One round of comments is included; further amendments are agreed upfront.
- Security and signingto suit you
We finalise the security instruments, coordinate signing of a notarial deed where appropriate and prepare the clean version.
No-obligation enquiry
Ready to start?
Send us an enquiry. We usually reply within 24 hours with a price confirmation and next steps. The first 30-minute consultation is free and commits you to nothing.
- 1Send your enquiry via this form
- 2Usually within 24 h you get a price confirmation and plan
- 3We start work only after your approval
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Or email us about this matter.
What clients ask
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What is the difference between a loan and a credit facility?
In simplified terms, a loan agreement arises upon actual delivery of the money and can in principle be interest-free; a credit agreement is a commitment to provide money on request for consideration and is used mainly between businesses. We select the regime appropriate to your circumstances at the outset.
What interest rate is permissible, and when does it become usury?
Interest can be agreed, but its limits depend on who is borrowing. Where the borrower is an individual acting outside a business, the contract is void as usurious if the lender exploits the borrower's distress, inexperience or financial dependence to obtain a performance grossly disproportionate to what is given in return (§ 39a of the Civil Code). This provision does not apply between businesses; an excessively high rate may still be void as contrary to good morals (§ 39 of the Civil Code), and enforcing it contrary to the principles of fair business dealing enjoys no legal protection (§ 265 of the Commercial Code). In the Czech Republic, a business that concluded the contract in the course of its business cannot rely on usury (§ 1796 and § 1797 of the Czech Civil Code). In extreme cases, usury may also be a criminal offence. We set the interest rate so as to keep the risk of invalidity as low as possible.
How can I secure repayment?
Through a combination of suitable instruments — suretyship, a pledge or mortgage, accession to debt or acknowledgment of debt. We propose a bill of exchange only where the applicable regime permits it; in Slovakia, it must not secure a consumer obligation. For a notarial deed, we separately assess the statutory scope of its enforceability. Recovery also depends on the debtor having assets against which enforcement can be pursued.
What is a directly enforceable notarial deed?
A deed in which the debtor consents to enforceability. If the debtor fails to repay, you can apply directly for enforcement without first going through a lawsuit. In Slovakia, for an obligation arising from the provision of funds, the scope of enforceability is limited by § 45(3) of the Enforcement Code; the deed does not automatically cover all interest and penalties. We prepare the supporting documents within the permitted scope and coordinate with the notary.
Must a loan be in writing?
The law does not always require written form, but we strongly recommend it for any substantial amount. A written agreement proves the amount, interest and maturity and greatly facilitates possible recovery.
Legal Q&A
Common questions on this topic
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How do we create a pledge over shares, and what is entered in the pledge register?
A pledge over securities arises only upon registration in the pledge register maintained by the central securities depository: signing the pledge agreement alone is insufficient. The pledgee or pledgor submits the registration instruction with written confirmation of the agreement's contents. For shares in an account maintained by a member, the instruction is submitted through that member. Alongside the parties and securities, the register records the amount and maturity of the secured claim.
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When does a company need NBS authorisation to lend money?
It depends on whom you lend to and where the money comes from. Lending your own funds to another company does not require National Bank of Slovakia authorisation; offering and providing consumer credit does. Since 2024, trading in non-performing bank loans has also had its own licensing regime: only a licensed credit servicer may service them for a purchaser. Raising lending funds from the public crosses another regulatory boundary.
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We finance a project with private investor loans. When does this become unlicensed deposit-taking?
Deposits are repayable funds from the public carrying an obligation to repay, and only banks may accept them. The more an investor loan resembles a deposit, with guaranteed principal and fixed interest offered to a wider audience, the closer it comes to unauthorised activity. The law draws one firm line: approaching no more than ten persons exclusively through personal contact is not a public invitation. If investors' returns instead depend on project performance, collective investment rules must also be assessed.
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Further reading
Suretyship and bank guarantees for a loan: when security weakens while the debt runs
A surety declaration or a letter of guarantee is signed at the outset, but is put to the test only years later. In the meantime the credit changes, the claim is sold and the guarantee's validity runs out. This article is for creditors lending to companies and for sureties who want to know when their obligation still stands.
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Pledge or security transfer of real estate: which is stronger for a lender
Anyone lending a substantial sum against real estate chooses between a pledge and a security transfer of ownership. At first glance the transfer looks stronger, yet in the decisive situations the two instruments behave much alike. This comparison is for companies, investors and developers choosing their security.
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From 20 November 2026, consumer credit includes products you may not think of as loans
Act No. 312/2025 Z. z. replaces consumer credit rules dating back fifteen years. It extends coverage to deferred payments, small and interest-free loans, affecting businesses that never considered themselves lenders.
Read more →