Downloads · 140 resources

Downloadable templates and checklists

Resources we use in practice: fillable document templates and checklists to help you review a contract or procedure before a problem arises. They were prepared by a lawyer registered with both the Slovak and Czech bar associations, and we update them as the law changes.

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Company formation in Czechia and Slovakia

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Checklist: A memorandum of association that prevents disputes

Provisions that matter when shareholders stop agreeing.

  • Voting thresholds — what to leave to a majority and what needs everyone
  • Share transfers and shareholders' pre-emption rights
  • Profit distribution and advance payments
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Related page: Bespoke memorandum and articles of association
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Checklist: Forming a Czech s.r.o. remotely

How a Slovak founder can form a Czech s.r.o. without travel, from documents and office arrangements to registration.

  • Documents you will sign and those we handle for you
  • Czech registered office and trade licences
  • Banking and remote contribution payment
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Related page: Forming an s.r.o. in Czechia
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Checklist: Forming an a.s. in Czechia

What to prepare before the notary and how to structure governing bodies and articles.

  • What to prepare before the notarial deed
  • Governing bodies — one-tier versus two-tier model
  • Paying in share capital and the bank
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Related page: Forming an a.s. in Czechia
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Checklist: Forming an s.r.o. in Slovakia

From choosing a name to registration: what not to forget during formation.

  • Company name and business activities — common mistakes
  • Documents needed for formation and their signatures
  • Tax office and insurance institution registrations
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Related page: Forming an s.r.o. in Slovakia
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Checklist: Securing your company name

Business name reservation steps and deadlines under the new Commercial Register Act.

  • Checking whether a name is available
  • What the reservation application must contain
  • The 60-day period and how to avoid losing the name
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Related page: Business name reservation

Company & shareholders

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Checklist: A correctly conducted general meeting

Convening, proceedings and minutes that protect resolutions from challenge.

  • Invitations and deadlines — common formal errors
  • Agenda, quorum and voting under the memorandum
  • Minutes and their requirements for registration
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Related page: General meetings and shareholder resolutions
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Checklist: A shareholders' agreement that works

Provisions a shareholders' agreement needs to withstand a crisis.

  • Voting and deadlock resolution
  • Equity transfers, rights of first refusal and restrictions
  • Vesting and options for founders and key people
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Related page: Shareholders' agreements
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Checklist: Commercial Register changes without a returned application

Documents and procedure for changing a director, registered office or shareholder.

  • Common reasons a registry court returns an application
  • Documents required for each type of change
  • Filing deadlines and risks of delay
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Related page: Commercial Register changes
Legal Q&A

Checklist: Employee shares and interests — tax implications

Why tax-free acquisition is balanced by taxation on exit, and what this means for ESOP design.

  • The two exemption conditions that must both be met
  • Why the interest’s value cannot be deducted on sale
  • Which other exemptions do not apply
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Related page: How are employee shares and business interests under an ESOP taxed?
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Checklist: Increasing and reducing share capital

When a capital change is worthwhile and how to prepare it with as little risk as possible for directors.

  • When an increase or reduction makes sense
  • Decision-making procedure and required documents
  • Creditor protection during a reduction
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Related page: Share capital changes
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Checklist: Liquidating an s.r.o. step by step

The entire company dissolution process, from resolution to removal from the register.

  • Dissolution resolution and appointment of the liquidator
  • Creditors and settling liabilities during liquidation
  • The liquidator's procedure and mandatory steps
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Related page: Company dissolution and liquidation
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Checklist: Managing director's service agreement

Remuneration, liability and non-compete obligations — what the agreement must address.

  • Managing director remuneration and proper approval
  • Liability for damage and D&O insurance options
  • Non-compete obligations during and after office
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Related page: Managing director's service agreement
Legal Q&A

Checklist: Selling a business share and income tax

What a shareholder can deduct, when income is exempt and which tax myth leads to flawed planning.

  • What counts as a contribution, including the capital contribution fund
  • When income is exempt and why the limit is shared with rental income
  • How instalments and earn-outs are taxed
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Related page: Must I pay tax on income from selling a business share in an s.r.o.?
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Checklist: Transferring a business share without errors

Step by step, what to check before and after signing in a Czech or Slovak s.r.o.

  • 7 points to check in the memorandum of association before a transfer
  • When attorney authorisation is required — from 17. 8. 2026
  • How to link payment of the purchase price to the transfer
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Related page: Transfer of a business share
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Guide: An outsourced legal department in practice

How a lawyer on a monthly retainer works and when it is worthwhile for a company.

  • What you can entrust to an outsourced legal department
  • What a typical month looks like
  • Response times and prioritising requests
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Related page: Outsourced legal department
Legal Q&A

Template: Power of attorney for a general meeting

A fillable written proxy template for a shareholder, with the essential terms it must include.

  • Fillable written power of attorney template
  • Who the law prohibits from acting as proxy
  • Defining the scope: one meeting or general authority
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Related page: Can I appoint the company’s managing director to represent me at a general meeting?

Securities & Shareholders

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Checklist: Objecting to an entry in the CDCP register

The requirements, documents and time limits on which an objection depends.

  • Who is entitled to file an objection
  • What an objection must contain to be investigated
  • The 60-day period and how it can inadvertently restart
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Related page: Incorrect entry in the securities register
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Checklist: Pledges over securities

What must be completed for a pledge over shares to come into existence.

  • Where the securities are recorded and who submits the instruction
  • When company consent is necessary and what happens without it
  • The agreement, confirmation of contents and instruction attachments
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Related page: Pledges and security transfers of securities
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Checklist: Registering an issue of book-entry shares

The sequence from obtaining an LEI code to crediting shares to accounts.

  • The sequence of steps that cannot be reversed
  • Which agreement annex applies to each type of security
  • Identity and beneficial ownership documents
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Related page: Registering an issue of book-entry shares
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Checklist: Tag-along and drag-along rights in a j. s. a.

When to register rights and what registration changes.

  • Registered versus contractual rights — what actually changes
  • Form: certified signatures, a deed and company consent
  • The limit of one right per share
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Related page: Registered rights in a j. s. a. — tag-along and drag-along
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Checklist: The shareholder list at the central depository

What the depository requires for registration and each change of shareholder.

  • Registration from obtaining ČEM to submitting the list
  • Documents that must be current on the submission date
  • Recording a change of shareholder and transfer effectiveness
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Related page: Shareholder lists for registered certificated shares
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Checklist: Transferring shares and book-entry securities

Certificated and book-entry shares — what a valid transfer requires.

  • Certificated versus book-entry shares — different procedures
  • Correct endorsement and delivery of a certificated share
  • Transferring book-entry shares through the central depository
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Related page: Transfer of shares and securities
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Checklist: You have inherited securities

What to do with the deceased's shares — step by step.

  • How to establish what the deceased owned
  • Registering succession and why it must go through a member
  • How to stop invoices and recovery after a death
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Related page: Inheriting securities
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Template: Power of attorney for CDCP procedures

A fillable template and the six requirements of the operating rules that a power of attorney must meet.

  • A fillable power of attorney template for the depository
  • Checking that the extract is current on all three relevant dates
  • How to define the scope so the depository accepts it
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Related page: Representation before the central securities depository (CDCP)
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Test: is your offer a public offer?

Seven questions to check the regime applicable to your issue before the regulator does.

  • The National Bank of Slovakia's three-part test
  • Where exemptions are most commonly lost
  • What an offer to qualified investors must contain
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Related page: Assessing a public offer of securities
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Test: raising money from investors — are you already a fund?

Six questions based on the National Bank of Slovakia's framework to check whether your structure constitutes collective investment.

  • The six questions used by the regulator to assess a structure
  • The distinction between financial and operating activity in property projects
  • When the holding company exemption applies and when it does not
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Related page: Investment structure review

Company financing

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Checklist: 13 things to address before issuing bonds

A practical company checklist: offering regime, bond terms, security and central depository deadlines.

  • Whom to offer bonds to and when a prospectus is required
  • Arranging amendments, bondholder meetings and a CAC
  • Aligning security, identification codes and depository documents
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Related page: Bond issuance in Slovakia
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Checklist: Assignment and set-off of receivables

What can be assigned, how to notify the debtor and when to set off claims.

  • Which claims can and cannot be assigned
  • Debtor notification — who, when and why
  • Requirements for valid set-off
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Related page: Assignment and set-off of receivables
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Checklist: Bond issuance in Czechia

What a company planning a Czech bond issue needs to have in order.

  • Often overlooked requirements for bond terms
  • When a prospectus is required and when it is not
  • Issuer obligations towards investors throughout the issue's life
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Related page: Bond issuance in Czechia
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Checklist: Bringing an investor into your company

From term sheet to investment agreement — what founders should watch.

  • Term sheet — what is binding and what is not
  • How to prepare for investor due diligence
  • Key investment agreement provisions for founders
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Related page: Bringing an investor into your company
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Checklist: Loans and credit between companies

Interest, security and enforceability. Lend with a properly drafted agreement.

  • Interest and repayment terms — what to agree in writing
  • Loan security — from bills of exchange to pledges and mortgages
  • Early repayment and acceleration of debt
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Related page: Credit and loan agreements
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Checklist: Suretyship and bank guarantees

Comparing forms of security for obligations and their enforcement.

  • Suretyship, guarantees and accession to debt — a comparison
  • Surety declaration — requirements and limits
  • Bank guarantees and calling them in practice
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Related page: Suretyship and bank guarantees
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Guide: ESOPs for Slovak and Czech companies

Forms of employee equity and what to consider before launching a plan.

  • Equity, options or phantom shares — which suits which situation
  • Vesting, cliff and what happens when an employee leaves
  • How an ESOP fits into the memorandum and shareholders' agreements
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Related page: ESOP and employee equity
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Guide: Transfer of title by way of security

How a security transfer works, where its limits lie and what to watch for.

  • How a security transfer works
  • Comparison with a pledge or mortgage — advantages and risks
  • What happens when the debt is repaid or remains unpaid
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Related page: Transfer of title by way of security

Company sale & M&A

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Checklist: Company due diligence before acquisition

What to investigate in the target company before signing anything binding.

  • Corporate documents and a clear ownership structure
  • Contracts that can block the transaction (change of control)
  • Employees, disputes and hidden liabilities
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Related page: Company legal due diligence
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Checklist: Keeping a business sale under control

How to prepare your company for sale and manage the key transaction points.

  • Preparing the company for sale well in advance
  • Ownership-interest sale versus business sale — when each is suitable
  • Warranties, representations and conditions precedent in the SPA
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Related page: Selling and buying a business
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Checklist: Preparing a company for M&A

What the buyer will investigate and how to prepare so the transaction does not fall through.

  • What the buyer checks first — and where the process most often stalls
  • Documents that belong in the data room
  • A realistic step-by-step transaction timetable
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Related page: Mergers and acquisitions (M&A)
Legal Q&A

Checklist: Tax risks when buying a company

Twelve points for a lawyer preparing a transaction, including risks created by the acquisition itself.

  • What to request and check in the target company
  • Three statutory grounds for VAT liability and when they affect you
  • Minimum tax for the successor and the loss of unused tax credits
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Related page: Can I, as a customer, be liable for VAT my supplier has not paid?
Legal Q&A

Checklist: Tax schedule to an enterprise sale agreement

What the buyer must receive from the seller at closing to avoid inheriting a tax position it did not choose.

  • The capital goods information the seller is required to hand over
  • The presumption in Section 54b(3) of the VAT Act and why it cannot be rebutted
  • How to secure delivery through a holdback and a condition precedent
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Related page: Is VAT payable on the sale of an enterprise or part of one?
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Guide: Holding structures for Czech–Slovak businesses

When a holding structure makes sense and how to build it without unnecessary risks.

  • When a holding structure is worthwhile and when it is an unnecessary layer
  • Arranging the relationship between parent and subsidiaries
  • Moving existing ownership interests into the structure, step by step
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Related page: Holding structures

Commercial Contracts

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Checklist: Agreement to enter into a future contract

How to secure a binding commitment to a transaction that cannot yet be concluded.

  • Essential terms of the future contract agreed now
  • Deadline for conclusion and request to the other party
  • Penalties for breaching the obligation to conclude
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Related page: Agreement to enter into a future contract
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Checklist: An NDA that actually protects you

The points that determine whether a non-disclosure agreement is enforceable.

  • Defining confidential information — neither too narrowly nor without limits
  • Duration of confidentiality and what happens after cooperation ends
  • Contractual penalty — setting a proportionate amount
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Related page: Non-disclosure agreement (NDA)
Legal Q&A

Checklist: Before signing a franchise agreement

What to review before signing, including schedules that matter more than the main agreement.

  • What is signed besides the franchise agreement
  • Fees and what you actually receive for them
  • Security, promissory notes and a company member's personal guarantee
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Related page: What documents do I sign when buying a franchise?
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Checklist: Bespoke commercial agreement

The clauses that matter when a transaction goes wrong, and how to structure them.

  • When general terms suffice and when a bespoke agreement is needed
  • Clauses that matter when problems arise (penalties, termination and liability)
  • Securing payments in commercial relationships
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Related page: Bespoke commercial agreement
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Checklist: Brokerage and mandate agreement

Commission, exclusivity and termination: what to cover so that cooperation with a broker does not end in a dispute.

  • When commission entitlement arises — precise conditions
  • Whether the broker should have exclusivity
  • Broker's expenses — who bears them
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Related page: Mandate and brokerage agreement
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Checklist: Contract for work

Scope, price and handover: avoiding disputes over what should have been delivered.

  • Scope of work — precision that prevents disputes
  • Price and payment milestones
  • Handover, acceptance and defects
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Related page: Contract for work
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Checklist: Contract review before signing

What we look at first when reviewing another party's draft agreement.

  • Risky clauses we look for first
  • Liability, penalties and limits — where traps lie
  • Termination — can you leave the agreement at all?
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Related page: Contract review
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Checklist: Distribution and franchise agreement

Exclusivity, targets and know-how: long-term cooperation without dead ends.

  • Exclusivity and territory — defining their limits
  • Purchase targets and consequences of missing them
  • Trade marks and know-how in franchising
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Related page: Distribution and franchise agreement
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Checklist: General terms for B2B relationships

How to write and use terms that actually protect you.

  • What belongs in general terms and what is better in the agreement
  • Validly incorporating terms into a business relationship
  • Unilateral changes to terms — when permitted
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Related page: General terms and conditions
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Checklist: Sale agreement for goods and machinery

Delivery, passing of risk and retention of title when buying movable assets.

  • Delivery terms and when risk passes
  • Retention of title until the price is paid
  • Defects, warranties and complaints procedure
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Related page: Sale agreement for movable assets
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Guide: Preparing your business for the new Civil Code

What recodification will change and which business agreements it will affect most.

  • The most significant changes recodification will bring
  • Which agreements and documents to have checked first
  • A practical preparation schedule — what to address and when
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Related page: Preparing for the new Civil Code

IT, Software & E-commerce

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Checklist: Agile software development agreement

How to contract for sprints and handovers when the scope keeps changing.

  • Contracting for agile development — sprints instead of fixed scope
  • Acceptance criteria and accepting increments
  • Rights to the code — when they pass to the customer
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Related page: IT projects and agile development
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Checklist: Implementation agreement for an IT system

Phases, acceptance and change control to prevent system deployment ending in a dispute.

  • Project phases and measurable acceptance criteria
  • Customer cooperation — why the agreement must address it
  • Change control: managing additional requirements
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Related page: Implementation agreement
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Checklist: Influencer agreement

Outputs, advertising disclosure and content rights: collaboration without surprises.

  • Scope of collaboration and measurable outputs
  • Advertising disclosure — rules subject to checks
  • Rights to created content and its further use
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Related page: Influencer agreement
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Checklist: Licence agreement for a copyright work

Scope, exclusivity and remuneration — so you can actually use the work.

  • Licence scope — uses, territory and duration
  • Exclusive and non-exclusive licences in practice
  • Remuneration — one-off payment, royalties or combinations
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Related page: Copyright and licensing
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Checklist: SaaS terms and SLA

Subscriptions, availability and customer data: what SaaS terms must address.

  • Subscriptions, billing and price changes
  • Service availability and outage credits
  • Customer data — export, deletion and termination
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Related page: SaaS agreement and terms
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Checklist: Support agreement and SLA

Response times, penalties and an exit plan — support that works on paper too.

  • Measurable defect categories and response times
  • Penalties and credits for SLA breaches
  • Customer cooperation and defect reporting
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Related page: Support and maintenance agreement and SLA
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E-book: Legal guide for online shops

What a Slovak online shop must comply with in 2026: duties, deadlines and a closing checklist.

  • Mandatory information before ordering and the “order with obligation to pay” button (unofficial translation of the statutory wording)
  • Withdrawal within 14 days, including the button mandatory from 19. 6. 2026
  • Complaints under the rules effective from 1. 7. 2024 — deadlines and burden of proof
View the contents →
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Related page: Legal services for online shops
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Guide: Domain disputes and secure domain transfers

What to do when someone else holds your domain, and how to reduce the risk when transferring a domain.

  • First steps when someone else holds a domain containing your brand
  • Alternative domain dispute resolution — how it works
  • Secure domain transfer when buying
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Related page: Domains and domain disputes
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Guide: Trademark registration

Searches, class selection and proceedings for national and EUIPO trademarks.

  • Pre-filing searches — why filing without one is not worthwhile
  • National or EU trademark — when each is suitable
  • Selecting goods and service classes without unnecessary costs
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Related page: Trademark protection
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Software contracts: how to reduce the risks

Licensing, source code and liability: what to watch for with software.

  • Licence versus assignment of rights — what you actually acquire
  • Source code and escrow — a safeguard for the customer
  • Maintenance and development after handover
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Related page: Software and licence agreement

Employment Law & HR

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Checklist: Business employment documentation

Contracts, work agreements and records an employer must keep in order.

  • Employment contract requirements beyond templates
  • Agreements outside employment — which to use and when
  • GDPR documents for employees
View the contents →
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Related page: Employment documentation 24/7
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Checklist: Employer's internal policies

Which policies a business must have and how to implement them so they are binding.

  • Policies every employer must have
  • Work rules — what to include
  • Home working and monitoring — what to regulate
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Related page: Employer's internal rules and policies
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Checklist: Employment agency compliance

Permits, temporary assignments and inspections — what an agency must keep in order.

  • Permits and conditions for agency operations
  • Temporary assignment contracts without weak points
  • Comparable conditions for assigned employees
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Related page: Legal services for employment agencies
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Checklist: Immediate termination of employment

The strictest method of termination. When it is permitted and how to avoid mistakes.

  • When immediate termination is actually permitted
  • Deadlines within which to act
  • Formal requirements and service
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Related page: Immediate termination of employment
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Checklist: Labour inspectorate inspection

How to prepare, what an inspector may request and how to challenge a fine.

  • Documents most frequently requested by the inspectorate
  • Your rights and obligations during an inspection
  • The breaches most frequently penalised
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Related page: Labour inspectorate inspection
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Checklist: Non-compete clause

How to agree a non-compete restriction that stands up to scrutiny, and what to do if it is breached.

  • Conditions for a valid non-compete clause
  • Compensation for a non-compete restriction — what to remember
  • Trade secret protection alongside the clause
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Related page: Non-compete clause and trade secrets
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Checklist: Notice that stands up to scrutiny

Grounds, protected periods, alternative work duties and service, step by step.

  • Grounds for notice and their factual specification
  • Protected periods and the duty to offer alternative work
  • Notice period and severance
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Related page: Termination of employment on notice
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Checklist: Working with self-employed people without disguised employment

Indicators of dependent work and contractual arrangements that stand up to inspection.

  • Indicators of dependent work — when self-employment is a risk
  • How to structure a cooperation agreement safely
  • What to avoid in practice so you do not create evidence against yourself
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Related page: Working with self-employed people and contractors
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Guide: Difficult employees

How to document breaches and choose a lawful method of termination.

  • How to document breaches as they occur in a usable form
  • A misconduct warning — how to write it
  • Termination options and their risks compared
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Related page: Dealing with a difficult employee
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Guide: Employee disputes

Out-of-court settlement, the course of a dispute and recovering damages from employees.

  • Out-of-court settlement — when it is the cheapest route for a business
  • How employment litigation proceeds and its distinctive features
  • Damages from employees and their limits
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Related page: Employment disputes and out-of-court settlements
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Guide: Employing a foreign national

Permits according to country of origin and the process step by step.

  • EU versus third countries — a fundamental difference in procedure
  • Permits and cards — which are needed and when
  • Posting employees between Czechia and Slovakia
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Related page: Employing foreign nationals and posting workers
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Guide: Invalid dismissal

The deadline for a claim is short. What the court examines and what you can obtain.

  • Deadline for an invalidity claim — why to act immediately
  • What the court examines when notice is invalid
  • Compensation for lost pay during the dispute — how it is calculated
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Related page: Invalid termination of employment

Compliance, Registers & Licences

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Checklist: Business reporting systems

Who must have an internal reporting and investigation system and what it includes.

  • Which businesses must have a reporting system
  • The responsible person — whom to appoint and what they do
  • Internal policy and the report investigation process
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Related page: Whistleblowing and internal reporting systems
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Checklist: GDPR essentials for businesses

Documents and procedures every business handling personal data needs.

  • The GDPR documents your business must have
  • Processor agreements with suppliers — when and with whom
  • Data subject rights and responding to requests
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Related page: GDPR and personal data protection
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Guide: Lawyer authorisation of agreements from 17 August 2026

Who the new requirement affects, how authorisation works and what to prepare.

  • Which agreements require mandatory authorisation
  • What a lawyer actually does during authorisation
  • How signing works and how much time to allow
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Related page: Lawyer authorisation of corporate documents
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Guide: Register of Public Sector Partners

Who must register, what is verified each year and the consequences of neglect.

  • When RPVS registration is mandatory and both statutory thresholds
  • Annual verification as at 31 December and the notification deadline
  • Events during the year that require additional verification
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Related page: RPVS registration and authorised person services
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Guide: The AI Act for businesses

Who the Regulation applies to and what you need to document when using or developing AI.

  • Who the AI Act actually applies to, including those who only use AI
  • AI system risk categories and what they mean
  • Documentation and processes to prepare
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Related page: The AI Act and deploying artificial intelligence

Property Transfer

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Checklist: A safer property purchase

Due diligence, agreements and secure payment: what to watch for as a buyer.

  • What to check about a property before reservation
  • Reservation agreement — what to watch for
  • Secure payment of the purchase price through escrow
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Related page: Legal assistance with buying a property
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Checklist: An estate agency's legal essentials

Agency agreements, AML and GDPR: what an estate agency needs in order.

  • An agency agreement that protects your commission
  • Estate agency AML obligations
  • GDPR in estate agency practice — photos, viewings and databases
View the contents →
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Related page: Comprehensive legal services for estate agencies
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Checklist: Buying a flat with a mortgage

How to coordinate the bank, Land Register proceedings and payments so that nothing gets held up.

  • The right sequence — reservation, loan, agreements and registration
  • The bank's security interest and its registration
  • Escrow and blocked funds — protection for both parties
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Related page: Buying a property with a mortgage
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Checklist: Cooperative interest transfer

What you transfer with a cooperative apartment and how to avoid mistakes.

  • What you actually buy with a cooperative apartment
  • Transfer agreement and notice to the cooperative
  • Allocated loan and liabilities attached to the interest
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Related page: Transfer of a housing cooperative interest
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Checklist: Flat sale agreement

Requirements for a flat transfer agreement, including common parts and the building manager.

  • Mandatory particulars of a flat transfer agreement
  • Common parts, cellar and parking space
  • Manager's declaration and the previous owner's arrears
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Related page: Flat sale agreement
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Checklist: Gifting a property

What to consider before gifting a flat or house: lifetime residence, reclaiming the gift and registration.

  • What to consider before gifting your property
  • Lifetime residence easement — protecting the donor
  • When a gift can be reclaimed
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Related page: Property gift agreement
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Checklist: Hidden defects in a purchased property

What to do when defects emerge after purchase: deadlines, claims and evidence.

  • First steps after discovering a defect
  • Deadlines for defect claims — why you must not wait
  • Your remedies — reduction, repair or withdrawal
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Related page: Property defects and withdrawal from the agreement
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Checklist: House sale agreement

The house, land and property condition: what the agreement must cover.

  • The house and all land — checking parcels on the title deed
  • House condition, defects and seller representations
  • Utilities, connections and how to handle them on transfer
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Related page: House sale agreement
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Checklist: Land due diligence before purchase

Everything to check before paying for land, from the title deed to the zoning plan.

  • What to check on the title deed beyond the owner's name
  • Encumbrances, easements and access roads — where to look
  • How to read the zoning plan and development rules
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Related page: Property legal due diligence
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Checklist: Property exchange agreement

Exchanging property with or without a balancing payment: how to do it properly.

  • When an exchange is better than two sales
  • Balancing payments for differing property values
  • Two properties, one registration — how it works
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Related page: Property exchange agreement
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Checklist: Property reservation agreement

Two or three parties, the fee and withdrawal: how to structure a reservation.

  • Two-party versus three-party reservation agreements
  • Reservation fee — advance payment or forfeitable penalty?
  • Withdrawal from the reservation agreement and fee refunds
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Related page: Property reservation agreement
Legal Q&A

Checklist: Property sale and income tax

When sale proceeds are exempt and how the exemption can be lost before the purchase agreement is signed.

  • When the five-year period starts, including when it starts with the deceased
  • Why the first payment matters, rather than signing the purchase agreement
  • An agreement for a future sale as the most common cause of taxation
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Related page: When is income from selling property exempt from income tax?
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Checklist: Property transaction agreements

From reservation to registration: the documents holding the transaction together.

  • The chain of documents from reservation to registration
  • Purchase price escrow in estate agency transactions
  • Agreement errors that most often disrupt transactions
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Related page: Preparing agreements and registration applications
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Checklist: Registration without suspended proceedings

Attachments, fees and the errors that most commonly cause the Land Register to suspend proceedings.

  • Mandatory attachments to a registration application
  • Electronic filing and fee savings
  • Errors that cause the Land Register to suspend proceedings
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Related page: Land Register registration application
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Checklist: Reviewing a sale agreement before signing

The risky provisions we most commonly find in draft agreements.

  • Provisions that most often disadvantage the buyer
  • Payment terms and protection of the purchase price
  • Property condition, defects and seller representations
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Related page: Property sale agreement review
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Checklist: Selling a property from start to finish

The entire transfer process, from documents and the buyer through escrow to the Land Register.

  • Documents to prepare before selling
  • Checking the buyer and their financing
  • Purchase price escrow and why it is standard
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Related page: Complete property transfer service
Legal Q&A

Checklist: VAT on a property sale

Steps to establish whether a sale is exempt, when you can opt to tax and who accounts for VAT.

  • The five-year test and what can restart it
  • When the option to tax is available and when the law excludes it
  • What the agreement must state for the reverse charge
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Related page: Is VAT payable when selling property?
Service

Guide: Lawyer's escrow step by step

How escrow protects seller and buyer, and how it works.

  • Why not pay the price directly into the seller's account
  • Lawyer's escrow step by step
  • When funds are released from escrow
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Related page: Lawyer's escrow of the purchase price
Service

Guide: Legal retainer for an estate agency

What the retainer covers, how monthly cooperation works and when it is worthwhile.

  • Everything an estate agency legal retainer covers
  • What a typical month of cooperation looks like
  • Response times for transactions that cannot wait
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Related page: Retainer for estate agencies
Service

Guide: Legal training for estate agents

The topics agents need most in practice and available training formats.

  • Legal topics where agents most often make mistakes
  • What training tailored to your agency looks like
  • Practical templates and procedures your team takes away
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Related page: Agent training and internal checklists
Service

Guide: The Land Register suspended proceedings — what next?

How to respond correctly to a Land Register notice and rescue registration.

  • The most common reasons for suspension
  • Responding to a Land Register notice correctly and on time
  • Deadlines you must not miss
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Related page: Suspended Land Register proceedings and refused registration

Ownership, Land & Lease

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Checklist: Buying and selling land

Access, utilities and the development plan: what to watch for when dealing with land.

  • Access road and utilities — what to check
  • Development plan: what you can actually build on the land
  • Encumbrances and easements affecting land
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Related page: Buying and selling land
Service

Checklist: Duplicate land ownership

How to identify the stronger entry and what to prepare before approaching the other party.

  • How duplication of C and E parcels arises
  • Which documents determine the strength of a title
  • Settlement agreement versus ownership declaration claim
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Related page: Duplicate land ownership (C and E register parcels)
Service

Checklist: Easements in practice

Creating, registering and removing easements: lifetime residence, access and utilities.

  • Common types of easements and their differences
  • Creation by agreement and Land Register registration
  • Lifetime residence — what both parties should watch for
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Related page: Easements
Service

Checklist: Flat tenancy agreement

Deposit, notice and records: a tenancy that protects the landlord.

  • What to agree in a tenancy beyond the statutory provisions
  • Deposit — amount, use and return
  • Termination notice and notice periods in practice
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Related page: Letting a flat or house
Service

Checklist: Land subdivision

Survey plans, access and registration: how to divide or consolidate land properly.

  • Survey plan — what it must contain and who prepares it
  • Access, utilities and easements when dividing land
  • When the building authority becomes involved
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Related page: Land subdivision and consolidation
Service

Checklist: Non-residential premises leases

Purpose, alterations and indexation: leasing business premises without later disputes.

  • Letting purpose and compliance with the premises’ approved use
  • Tenant’s building alterations — who pays and what happens on termination
  • Rent indexation and utilities
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Related page: Leasing non-residential premises
Service

Checklist: Property security agreement

Required particulars, registration and priority of security interests: effective security.

  • Mandatory particulars of a security agreement
  • Registration of a mortgage in the Land Register
  • Priority of security interests and its practical meaning
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Related page: Security agreement
Service

Guide: Agricultural land transfers

Particular features of arable land transfers, including shares and dealings with the SPF.

  • How agricultural land transfers differ from ordinary land transfers
  • Co-ownership shares in agricultural land and their settlement
  • Land leases and their effect on a transfer
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Related page: Agricultural land transfers
Service

Guide: Claim for a declaration of ownership

When a declaration claim makes sense and how acquisition by prescription is proved.

  • When a claim for a declaration of ownership makes sense
  • Acquisition by prescription — conditions and proof
  • Evidence that determines success
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Related page: Declaration of ownership
Service

Guide: Non-paying tenants

Step by step, from the first reminder to vacant possession of the flat or premises.

  • First steps when a tenant stops paying
  • How to give valid termination notice
  • Eviction — the process and how long it takes
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Related page: Rent recovery and eviction
Service

Guide: Settlement of co-ownership

Agreement or court: the options when co-ownership stops working.

  • Settlement options — agreement always comes first
  • How the court decides when co-owners cannot agree
  • Determining the value of a share and expert valuation
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Related page: Settlement of co-ownership

Construction & Development

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Checklist: Construction permitting without unnecessary delays

Preparing applications and communication with authorities so proceedings keep moving.

  • What to check before filing a permit application
  • The most common reasons authorities suspend proceedings
  • Working with relevant authorities and neighbours
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Related page: Legal support for development approvals
Service

Checklist: Construction works contract

Price, additional work and retention — a construction contract that prevents later disputes.

  • Contract price and the additional-work mechanism
  • Programme, delays and consequences
  • Retention and defects security
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Related page: Construction works contract
Service

Checklist: Financing a development project

What to watch for in loan documents and security before signing with the bank.

  • What the bank requests before the loan agreement is signed
  • The covenants that most often restrict you during construction
  • Structuring staged drawdown without delaying the works
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Related page: Development project financing
Service

Checklist: New-build sales documentation

The complete contract package for apartment sales: what it must contain and how the agreements should connect.

  • Preliminary purchase agreement — key points for developers
  • Specifications, buyer changes and their contractual treatment
  • Payment schedule and protection against non-payment
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Related page: Apartment sales in a development project
Service

Checklist: Project documentation agreement

Scope, design-defect liability and licensing — what to remember when appointing a designer.

  • Precise definition of documentation stages and scope
  • Designer's defects liability and insurance
  • Deadlines, cooperation and delivery of inputs
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Related page: Project documentation agreement
Service

Checklist: Your agreement with an architect

Licensing, later documentation stages and architect's supervision — what to agree in advance.

  • The scope of licence you need for the concept
  • Arrangements for later project documentation stages
  • Architect's supervision — scope and fee
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Related page: Architectural concept design agreement
Service

Guide: Construction company contracts without weak points

Where construction companies most often lose money and how to address it in contracts.

  • Retention — how to negotiate it and actually obtain its release
  • Additional work: why the instruction must be in writing
  • Subcontracts and allocation of liability
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Related page: Legal services for construction companies

Debt Recovery

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Checklist: A letter before action that works

What a demand must contain and why a lawyer's demand is more likely to work.

  • What a letter before action must contain
  • Why a demand from a law firm is more likely to work
  • What constitutes a reasonable payment deadline
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Related page: Letter before action demanding payment
Service

Checklist: Acknowledgement of debt and instalment plan

How to structure an agreement with a debtor so that you do not lose out.

  • Why you should always ask the debtor for a debt acknowledgement
  • Requirements for an acknowledgement to have legal effects
  • Acceleration clause: protection for the creditor
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Related page: Acknowledgement of debt and instalment plan
Service

Checklist: Consumer debt recovery without unfair practices

What a demand must contain, what should not be in an instalment agreement and how to build a reminder system that stands up to scrutiny.

  • Content of a credit reminder under the NBS position and the exceptions
  • When and where you must not contact the debtor
  • Why a debt acknowledgement belongs in a separate document
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Related page: Debt recovery audit and reminder system
Service

Checklist: Lodging a claim in bankruptcy

The deadline runs from the declaration of bankruptcy. What to do in time and how to prepare the claim.

  • Claim filing deadline: why it must not be missed
  • Filing requirements and the most common errors
  • Secured claims: what not to forget
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Related page: Lodging a claim in bankruptcy in Slovakia
Service

Checklist: Out-of-court debt recovery

Reminders, instalment agreements and debt acknowledgements: getting paid without court proceedings.

  • How to write a reminder that actually works
  • Instalment agreement: how to structure it safely
  • Debt acknowledgement: why always ask the debtor for one
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Related page: Out-of-court debt recovery
Service

Checklist: Payment order in Czechia

Documents and the course of Czech payment proceedings, including for Slovak creditors.

  • Documents you need for the application
  • Electronic payment order: advantages and limits
  • Procedure and deadlines
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Related page: Payment order and claim for payment (Czechia)
Service

Checklist: Payment order in Slovakia

The application, electronic payment order procedure and next steps when the debtor does not respond.

  • Documents you need for the application
  • Electronic payment order procedure: a faster digital route
  • Procedure and deadlines
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Related page: Payment order and claim for payment (Slovakia)
Service

Checklist: Recovering a claim in Slovakia

A Slovak debtor is not paying. The process from demand to enforcement.

  • What to prepare before starting recovery
  • Demand, payment order, claim: the right sequence
  • Costs and court fees: who ultimately bears them
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Related page: Debt recovery in Slovakia
Service

Checklist: Unpaid freight charges

Short transport deadlines, invoice documents and defence against set-off of damages.

  • Limitation in carriage: when it is shorter and when it starts
  • Documents proving completion of carriage
  • Set-off of damages against freight charges: when it fails
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Related page: Recovery of freight charges
Service

Checklist: Unpaid invoices, from due date to a Czech director

What to do after an invoice falls due and what to check if a Czech company has no assets.

  • Steps and evidence in the first 30 days after the due date
  • Limitation, reminders and handover to a lawyer
  • What to check in Czech public registers
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Related page: Debt recovery in the Czech Republic
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Guide: A debtor abroad

European order for payment and enforcement when the debtor is across the border.

  • First steps with a foreign debtor
  • European order for payment and when it is the fastest route
  • Recognition and enforcement in another EU country
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Related page: Cross-border debt recovery CZ ↔ SK
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Guide: Enforcement step by step

From an enforceable title to actual money: how enforcement really works.

  • What an enforceable title is and how to obtain one
  • Enforcement application and appointment of the enforcement officer by the court
  • Enforcement methods: accounts, earnings and assets
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Related page: Debt recovery through enforcement
Service

Guide: I have received a payment order

Deadlines run from service. What to do immediately and how to defend yourself.

  • The first hours after service: what to check
  • Opposition deadline and what happens if it is missed
  • Requirements for opposition: why disagreement alone is not enough
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Related page: Opposition to a payment order and defence of the defendant
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Guide: Recovering a debt in Poland

A Polish customer is not paying. How we proceed in cooperation with a Polish lawyer.

  • Specific features of recovery in Poland
  • How cooperation with a Polish lawyer through our firm works
  • Documents you will need
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Related page: Debt recovery in Poland
Service

Guide: Recovering dozens of claims at once

How to establish a process when you have too many receivables to handle manually.

  • Portfolio classification: which claims to address first
  • One process from reminder to enforcement
  • Reporting: an overview of every claim
Get
Related page: Bulk debt recovery
Service

Guide: The issuer has not paid the bond

A bondholder's first steps and options for coordinated investor action.

  • First steps when the issuer fails to pay returns or principal
  • Limitation of bond claims: why not to wait
  • Joint action by several bondholders
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Related page: Recovery of bond claims

Litigation & Damages

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Checklist: Action against unfair competition

Is a competitor free-riding, disparaging or copying? The first steps that matter.

  • What constitutes unfair competition — practical examples
  • Evidence to secure immediately, before it disappears
  • A cease-and-desist demand and its practical effect
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Related page: Unfair competition and reputation protection
Service

Checklist: Defective work and retention

Documents for a complaint about defective construction or other work.

  • Description and notification of defects
  • Photographs and specialist evidence
  • Retention and contractual terms
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Related page: Disputes over defective work
Service

Checklist: Making a damages claim

What you need to prove and do in time to recover your loss.

  • What you must prove — loss, causation and liability
  • Evidence to secure as soon as possible
  • Limitation — the deadlines that matter
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Related page: Damages and unjust enrichment
Service

Guide: Arbitration

When arbitration is faster than court proceedings, and how to draft a valid clause.

  • When arbitration is worthwhile
  • The arbitration clause — how to make it valid
  • The proceedings and how they differ from court
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Related page: Arbitration
Service

Guide: Commercial litigation

The stages, duration and costs of a dispute — what to expect when agreement has failed.

  • Stages of litigation and how long they really take
  • Evidence — what to collect from day one
  • Costs of proceedings — who pays what and when
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Related page: Representation in commercial and court disputes
Service

Guide: Shareholder disputes and possible solutions

From 50:50 company deadlock to expelling a shareholder — what can be done.

  • 50:50 deadlock and ways out
  • Lesser-known minority shareholder rights
  • Expulsion and withdrawal of a shareholder — the conditions
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Related page: Shareholder disputes
Service

Guide: When someone copies your product or content

Preserving evidence, demand letters and court protection when your rights are infringed.

  • Evidence to secure immediately
  • A demand to the infringer — what it should contain
  • Interim measures (neodkladné opatrenie in Slovakia, předběžné opatření in Czechia) — swift protection against harm
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Related page: Intellectual property disputes

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